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A revealed circuit board, or PCB, is used to mechanically support and electrically connect electronic parts using conductive paths, or traces, etched from copper sheets laminated onto a non-conductive substrate. It’s also known as printed wiring board (PWB) or etched wiring board. A PCB populated with electronic parts is a published circuit assembly (PCA), also known as a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA).

They require much more layout effort and higher 1st cost than either wire-wrapped or point-to-point created circuits, but are much cheaper and faster for high-volume production. Much of the electronics industry’s PCB design, assembly, and quality controls wishes are set by standards that are revealed the IPC organization.

In recent years, the use of surface mount parts has gained recognition as the clamor for smaller electronics packaging and greater functionality has grown.

Originally, every electronic element had wire leads, and the PCB had holes drilled for each wire of each component. Danko of the United States Army Signal Corps developed the Auto-Sembly process in which element leads were inserted into a copper foil interconnection pattern and dip soldered. With the development of board lamination and etching strategies, this idea developed into the standard published circuit board fabrication process in use today. Soldering could be done automatically by passing the board over a ripple, or wave, of molten solder in a wave-soldering machine. However, the wires and holes are wasteful since drilling holes is expensive and the protruding wires are merely cut off.

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